乳山震群震源谱参数的稳健反演          下载免费PDF全文

郑建常  王鹏  徐长朋  许崇涛  刘凯  李冬梅  李翠芹 《地球物理学报》2016,59(11):4100-4112

本文引入截止频率f_(max)提出基于Brune模型的高频截止(High-Cut)模型,采用两步反演的方法来拟合求解震源谱的特征参数,并给出其误差范围;实际应用显示该模型的理论谱对观测谱有很好的拟合,可明显改善拐角频率识别的准确度.将该方法应用于2013—2015年的乳山震群,计算了乳山震群25次M_L≥3.0事件的震源参数(地震矩、破裂半径、应力降等),进一步对乳山震群的震源破裂特性进行了讨论.结果显示:拐角频率、应力降与震源尺度大小明显相关;高频衰减系数γ与震源破裂区的复杂程度以及破裂性质有关,当观测记录中混杂有其他事件的波形或微破裂时,高频衰减系数大于2,并且不确定性增大;截止频率f_(max)与地震大小存在一定相关性;使用Beresnev(2001)给出的震源半径计算公式,得到的乳山震群的结果显示与华北地区的经验关系较为一致;乳山震群的应力降明显偏小(最大不超过0.15 MPa),一方面反映了震中区域的构造应力水平,另一方面可能还意味着此次震群是一个相对非耗散型的脆性破裂过程,属于低摩擦应力的断层作用.  相似文献   

Physical constraints on c13 and δ for transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks          下载免费PDF全文

Fuyong Yan  De‐Hua Han  Qiuliang Yao 《Geophysical Prospecting》2016,64(6):1524-1536

Based on the theory of anisotropic elasticity and observation of static mechanic measurement of transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks or rock‐like materials, we reasoned that one of the three principal Poisson's ratios of transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks should always be greater than the other two and they should be generally positive. From these relations, we derived tight physical constraints on c₁₃, Thomsen parameter δ, and anellipticity parameter η. Some of the published data from laboratory velocity anisotropy measurement are lying outside of the constraints. We analysed that they are primarily caused by substantial uncertainty associated with the oblique velocity measurement. These physical constraints will be useful for our understanding of Thomsen parameter δ, data quality checking, and predicting δ from measurements perpendicular and parallel to the symmetrical axis of transversely isotropic medium. The physical constraints should also have potential application in anisotropic seismic data processing.  相似文献   

对流参数在强对流天气潜势预测中的作用   总被引：27，自引：3，他引：27       下载免费PDF全文

刘玉玲 《气象科技》2003,31(3):147-151

文章结合强对流天气发生发展的物理机制，介绍了与浮力能和风切变有关的几个对流参数的物理概念和计算方法，并结合具体个例分析了这些参数在强对流天气潜势预测中的作用。  相似文献   

邓肯-张E-B模型参数对软土路堤沉降计算结果的影响   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

牛建东  徐林荣 《工程地质学报》2005,13(4):563-572

有限单元法是计算路堤沉降常见的数值计算方法,其土体模型参数的准确性是计算结果可靠性高的保证。邓肯-张E-B模型是岩土工程分析计算中常用的一种非线性弹性模型。本文针对模型参数敏感性进行大量非线性有限元计算,得到了各参数与路堤沉降和侧向位移之间的关系,确定了该模型中影响软基路堤沉降和侧向变形的主要参数。  相似文献   

The Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy (BeSSeL) survey: Mapping the Milky Way with VLBI astrometry     

A. Brunthaler  M.J. Reid  K.M. Menten  X.‐W. Zheng  A. Bartkiewicz  Y.K. Choi  T. Dame  K. Hachisuka  K. Immer  G. Moellenbrock  L. Moscadelli  K.L.J. Rygl  A. Sanna  M. Sato  Y. Wu  Y. Xu  B. Zhang 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2011,332(5):461-466

Astrometric Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of maser sources in the Milky Way are used to map the spiral structure of our galaxy and to determine fundamental parameters such as the rotation velocity (Θ₀) and curve and the distance to the Galactic center (R₀). Here, we present an update on our first results, implementing a recent change in the knowledge about the Solar motion. It seems unavoidable that the IAU recommended values for R₀ and Θ₀ need a substantial revision. In particular the combination of 8.5 kpc and 220 km s^–1 can be ruled out with high confidence. Combining the maser data with the distance to the Galactic center from stellar orbits and the proper motion of Sgr A* gives best values of R₀ = 8.3 ± 0.23 kpc and Θ₀ = 239 or 246±7 km s^–1, for Solar motions of V_⊙ = 12.23 and 5.25 km s^–1, respectively. Finally, we give an outlook to future observations in the Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy (BeSSeL) survey (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Development of a dynamic load direct shear apparatus for the study of permafrost     

YingHui Cui  JianKun Liu  Peng Lv 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(4):0399-0403

The dynamic parameters of permafrost are crucial to and directly affect the accuracy of engineering design and numerical simulation. This paper describes a new dynamic load direct shear apparatus that was developed to measure these parameters. The power systems and measurement and control systems of the device are described, as is a successful validation experiment. The results show that this dynamic load direct shearing device can accurately derive dynamic shear parameters within a certain range of frequencies and amplitudes of shear load.  相似文献   

数字化曲线的附加系统参数平差     

孙同贺  闫国庆 《北京测绘》2013,(3):10-12

针对一般地图数字化曲线拟合方法的不足,提出了利用附加系统参数平差计算拟合曲线的参数。在参数平差中,将数字化曲线的X坐标和Y坐标均看作观测值,综合处理偶然误差和系统误差的联合影响,并评定精度。用t分布对系统参数进行显著性检验,结果表明附加系统参数模型正确。  相似文献   

Landslide vulnerability assessment and zonation through ranking of causative parameters based on landslide density-derived statistical indicators     

L. P. Sharma  Nilanchal Patel  M. K. Ghose  P. Debnath 《国际地球制图》2013,28(6):491-504

The research presented in this article is based on a new technique governed by three different statistical indicators determined for each causative parameter, viz. highest density, average density and co-efficient of variation of landslides. Each of these indicators was assigned a rank value between 1 and 14 depending upon its variation among the 14 causative parameters. The aggregate of the three types of rank values estimate the total ranking value (TRV) for each causative parameter. The study area is divided into 78,256 spatial units and for each such spatial unit, the influence of the different causative parameters is determined as the product of the experts' weight of the associated sub-category and the TRV of the causative parameter that categorizes the study area into various zones. The efficacy of the proposed technique is demonstrated by the occurrence of significantly high prediction accuracy of 84%.  相似文献   

Retrieval of leaf area index in alpine wetlands using a two-layer canopy reflectance model     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2013

In this paper, we focused on the retrieval of the LAI in an alpine wetland located in western part of China in late August and early July 2011. A two-layer canopy reflectance model (ACRM) was used to establish the relationships between the LAI and the reflectance of near-infrared (NIR) and red (RED) wavebands. The reflectance data were derived from Landsat TM L1T product and the Terra and Aqua MODIS 16-day and 8-day composite reflectance products (MOD/MYD09) at 250 m resolution. Due to the lack of the information about some major input parameters for ACRM, which are sensitive to model outputs in the reflectance of NIR and RED wavebands, the inverse problem was ill-posed. To overcome this problem, a method of increasing the sensitivity of the LAI while reducing the influence of other model free parameters based on the study of free parameters’ sensitivity to the ACRM outputs and the region’s features was studied. The area of interest was divided into two parts using the approximately statistic normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) value around 0.5. One part was sparse vegetation (0.1 < NDVI < 0.5), which is more sensitive to soil background effects and less sensitive to the canopy biophysical and biochemical variables. The other part was dense vegetation (0.5 ≤ NDVI < 1.0), which is less sensitive to soil background effects and more sensitive to plant canopies and leaf parameters. Then, the relationships of ρ_nir–LAI and ρ_red–LAI were established using a look-up table algorithm for the two parts. Furthermore, a regularization technique for fast pixel-wise retrieval was introduced to reduce the elements of LUT sets while maintaining a relatively high accuracy. The results were very promising compared to the field measured LAI values that the correlation (R²) of the measured LAI values and retrieved LAI values reached 0.95, and the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) was 0.33 for late August, 2011, while the R² reached 0.82 and RMSD was 0.25 for early July 2011.  相似文献   

不同附加参数的POS辅助空三精度分析     

张恒  冯德俊 《地理空间信息》2013,11(2):80-81

POS辅助空三的应用,能够减少传统空三中为加密所需野外控制点的联测工作量,缩短成图周期,降低成本;然而选择不同个数的附加参数,也会使得在POS辅助空三的过程中所采取的模型有所差异,所建立的误差方程式亦不同。因此,在对精度要求比较高的情况下,附加参数的选择就显得尤为重要。通过使用不同的附加参数来建立模型,分析造成其精度差异的原因并对参数的选择提出了建议。  相似文献